Equine glomes: pathologies, treatments, and their link to equine papillomavirus

What are the Horse's Bulbs of the Heel?

The bulbs of the heel are anatomical structures located at the back of the horse's hoof, in the heel region. They correspond to the heel bulbs and are a particularly sensitive and vascularized area of the foot. This region plays an important role in shock absorption and blood circulation in the hoof. To understand the cracks that can affect this area, consult our article on cracks on the horse's bulbs of the heel.

Anatomy and Functions of the Bulbs of the Heel

• Digital cushion: fibro-elastic structure that absorbs shocks
• Lateral cartilages: cartilaginous extensions of the third phalanx
• Dense vascular network: abundant arteries, veins, and capillaries
• Nerve endings: a very pain-sensitive area

Functions: shock absorption, circulatory pump (venous return), proprioception, hoof expansion.

Pathologies of the Bulbs of the Heel

1. Traumatic Injuries

Cuts, lacerations, contusions, and burns. Symptoms: intense pain, severe lameness, possible bleeding, swelling, local heat.

2. Infections of the Bulbs of the Heel

Abscesses (localized bacterial infection), cellulitis (diffuse infection), necrosis in severe cases. Pathogens: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, anaerobic bacteria, fungi.

3. Chronic Inflammations

Pododermatitis (chronic inflammation of the dermis), keratoma (benign horn tumor).

4. Tumors of the Bulbs of the Heel

Papillomas (warts caused by equine papillomavirus), melanomas (common in gray horses), squamous cell carcinomas (rare but aggressive).

Equine Papillomavirus and the Bulbs of the Heel

Equine papillomavirus (EPV) infects epithelial cells of the skin and mucous membranes. Papillomas appear as "cauliflower-like" warty growths, more common on the nose and lips but can develop on the bulbs of the heel. They often regress spontaneously within 2-9 months but can persist or become infected. Some research suggests a link with malignant tumors (squamous cell carcinomas), hence the importance of monitoring.

Conventional Treatments

• Injuries: cleaning, disinfection, suturing if necessary, antibiotics, anti-inflammatories
• Infections: abscess drainage, debridement, adapted antibiotherapy
• Papillomas: monitoring (frequent spontaneous regression), surgical excision, cryotherapy, immunotherapy

Therapeutic Ozone: A Promising Solution

Ozone offers a natural and effective approach for many pathologies of the bulbs of the heel thanks to its multiple properties. It can be used in gaseous form with Bagging or in oil form with OZONE INTENSIVE CARE. Contact us for a personalized protocol.

• Wounds and injuries: powerful disinfection, scar stimulation, inflammation reduction
• Infections: antibacterial action (aerobic and anaerobic), deep penetration, no resistance
• Papillomas: antiviral action by oxidation of the viral envelope, local immune stimulation, prevention of superinfections

Protocol:

1. Gently wash the area with clean water, pat dry with a clean compress
2. Apply OZONE INTENSIVE CARE generously to the bulbs of the heel
3. Frequency: 2-3 times/day for infections and wounds, 1-2 times/day for papillomas
4. Cover with a clean dressing if necessary
5. Continue until complete healing

Prevention of Pathologies of the Bulbs of the Heel

• Hygiene: clean and dry stalls, daily hoof picking, disinfection of equipment
• Trimming: every 6-8 weeks, hoof balance, heel protection
• Monitoring: daily inspection, attention to lameness, isolation of infected horses (papillomavirus)
• Immune system strengthening: balanced diet, stress management, regular exercise

When to Consult a Veterinarian?

Consult a veterinarian promptly in case of severe lameness, deep wound, significant and hot swelling, pus discharge, appearance of a mass, no improvement after 3-4 days, fever, or general debility.

Conclusion

The bulbs of the heel play an essential role in the biomechanics and health of the foot. Their pathologies — trauma, infections, papillomas — require careful monitoring and appropriate care. OZONE INTENSIVE CARE is a valuable ally for treating wounds, infections, and promoting the regression of papillomas, while respecting the delicate tissues of this sensitive area.